Caution:

This site includes information about child deaths, which some readers may find distressing. If you need support, free and confidential help is available

We wish to convey our sincere condolences to the families and friends of the infants, children and young people in NSW who have died. It is our foremost responsibility to learn from these deaths and to use that knowledge to make a difference.

Working together to reduce preventable child deaths in NSW through
  1. research
  2. insight
  3. data
  4. collaboration
  5. action
insight data collaboration action

Suicide

Background

A death is classified as suicide when there is clear evidence that the child deliberately intended to end their own life and understood the finality of death. We recognise the sensitivity and complexity involved in determining intent for a child or young person.

We classify deaths as suicides where:

  • the Coroner found the cause and manner of death was self-harm with fatal intent
  • Police identified the death as suicide, and the case remains open with the Coroner
  • the Coroner did not hold an inquest or make a formal finding, but police records show evidence of self-harm with fatal intent.

Findings collected

2009-2023

Page last updated

5 November 2025

2-year period: (2022-2023)

Factors

In 2022 and 2023, 76% (37) of the children who died by suicide experienced a proximal event such as a relationship breakdown, an altercation with a family member or peer, suspension/expulsion from school or cyberbullying/sextortion.

In 2022 and 2023, 98% (48) of children who died by suicide had at least 1 individual factor such as interpersonal difficulties, mental health conditions, substance misuse and/or issues associated with sexual orientation/gender identity. Most of these young people had 2 or more individual factors and 10 young people had between 5 and 7 individual factors.

Family factors that have been associated with suicide include family breakdown or poor family cohesion, family conflicts or violence, and adverse or traumatic events in childhood. In 2022 and 2023, 67% (33) of children who died by suicide had at least 1 family-related factor.

In 2022 and 2023, 76% (37) of the children who died by suicide had at least 1 school-related factor such as absenteeism, suspension or expulsion, learning challenges, and engagement difficulties

15-year period: (2009-2023)

Suicide deaths of children aged 10-17 years

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Demographics

Males had consistently higher rates compared to females; however, the rate for females has increased. 

While young people aged 15–17 years continue to make up the majority of deaths, the rate for children aged 10–14 increased. 

The rate for Indigenous children was higher than for non-Indigenous children. 

Children living in regional and remote areas had higher rates compared to those living in major cities. 

The average proportion over the 15 years for children (10–17 years) who died by suicide and had a child protection history was 45%.

Suicide review and analysis of clustering and prevention

Most young people who died by suicide were known to services and had been identified as at risk.

Steps towards prevention

School connectedness and suicide prevention

We have reviewed evidence about the relationship between school connectedness and suicide risk. Data from the NSW Register of Child Deaths, recent research and a 2024 NSW Coronial inquest highlight the importance of school connection as a protective factor for children and young people against suicide and other risks and indicate the need for further research in this area.

Read our detailed discussion in Chapter 10 of our Biennial Report 2022-2023

Previous research

We commissioned the Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention to review suicide clusters among school-aged children. The review examines the patterns and contributing factors in these clusters. It also considers how effective NSW prevention and postvention programs are in reducing risk and supporting recovery after a suicide death.

Read the Review of suicide clusters and evidence-based prevention strategies for school-aged children (2019)

Current research

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children are over-represented in suicide deaths of children aged 10–17 years. Over the 15-year period 2009–2023, the NSW Register of Child Deaths recorded the deaths by suicide of 349 children, of whom 41 (12%) were identified as First Nations children.

In 2021, the CDRT commissioned the Ngarruwan Ngadju First People Health and Wellbeing Research Centre at the University of Wollongong to conduct research to identify opportunities for preventing and reducing the suicide deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and young people.

The project includes:

  • detailed case reviews of deaths over a 10-year period
  • oversight by a First Nations Advisory Group
  • consultation through regional and metropolitan forums
  • updated literature review and service mapping.

The results of this study will be published on this website on 1 December 2025 as Holding Hope: Preventing Suicide among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Young People in New South Wales, accompanied by a community report about this research. On this date, the reports will begin to be shared with First Nations communities and stakeholders.

What we aim to understand

This project explores the factors, behaviours, and circumstances surrounding suicide-related deaths of young people in NSW aged 10–17 who identified as LGBTIQ+.

The goal is to gain a deeper understanding of these deaths, and identify ways to prevent or reduce the likelihood of similar deaths in the future.

What the research involves

The project combines three complementary strands of work:

  • a cohort review to identify key risk factors and potential opportunities for prevention
  • a literature review to examine evidence-based prevention measures and protected factors
  • a desktop review of existing countermeasures and supports currently in place in NSW for LGBTIQ+ young people.

Why it matters

LGBTIQ+ young people may face unique social and emotional challenges that increase their vulnerability to suicide. This research will help build a clearer picture of those challenges, identify where support systems need strengthening, and inform more inclusive, responsive approaches to suicide prevention among this cohort in NSW.

Recommendations

Our recommendations focus on evidence-informed prevention, cultural safety, and system collaboration.

  • Recommendation made in: 2025
  • Agency responsible: NSW Mental Health Commission

The Mental Health Commission (as well as the Aboriginal Suicide Prevention Council and the Suicide Prevention Council, when advising the Commission) consider the findings of the Holding Hope: Preventing Suicide among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Young People in New South Wales report, including for the purpose of:

  • preparing and implementing statewide suicide prevention plans under the Suicide Prevention Act 2025
  • ensuring the statewide Aboriginal suicide prevention plan is aligned with the needs and cultural frameworks of Aboriginal people.

  • Recommendation made in: 2025
  • Agency responsible: NSW Government

Noting the increasing rate of death by suicide for children younger than 15 years, and for female children their rates of self-harm, the NSW Government ensure that the statewide suicide prevention plan and statewide Aboriginal suicide prevention plan under the Suicide Prevention Act 2025, and any new mental health initiatives, contain measures focused specifically on children younger than 15 years and targeted towards addressing risk factors (including individual and societal).

  • Recommendation made in: 2025
  • Agency responsible: Australian Government

Noting the increasing rate of death by suicide for children younger than 15 years, and for female children their rates of self-harm, the Australian Government ensure that any actions and initiatives that support the National Suicide Prevention Strategy 2025–2035, and any new mental health initiatives aimed at children and young people, contain measures focused specifically on children younger than 15 years and targeted towards addressing risk factors (including individual and societal).

The NSW Government should include in any suicide prevention plan specific measures targeted to school-aged children and young people across the spectrum of need. In particular, this should include:

  • universal strategies that promote wellbeing in children and young people
  • early intervention designed to arrest emerging problems and difficulties
  • the provision of targeted, sustained and intensive therapeutic support to young people at high risk – including strategies for reaching those who are hard to engage.

  • Recommendation made in: 2025
  • Agency responsible: NSW Department of Education, Association of Independent Schools of NSW, Catholic Schools NSW

The NSW Department of Education, the Association of Independent Schools of NSW, and Catholic Schools NSW conduct joint research to better understand and respond to school disconnection as a suicide and other related risk factor. This research should involve those with lived or living experience of school disconnection and/or youth suicide.